2012年5月7日星期一

Financial Terms

. Assets
 Assets are any item of economic value owned or controlled by an individual or company. Assets can be physical resources, like buildings, computer, or nonphysical, like patents or trade marks. Other assets are outstanding loans, fee and interest income, investments, processing and services income, even employees.

. Assets Under Management AUM
 AUM describes the assets that the company managers for customers. Decisions are made on behalf of customers to buy, sell, hold, etc.

. Capital
 Capital represents the money held or other property owned that could be used in transacting business.

. Credit Costs
Credit Costs are the amount of money that is set aside in reserve for the write-off of bad loans and unpaid customer balances.
. Dividends
 Dividends are a portion of the company's net income and earnings that are paid out to shareholders. They are a certain amount per share and are approved for distribution each quarter by the board of directors.

. Expense
 Expense is the overall cost of running the company, including salaries, benefits, equipment, real estate, operating costs and taxes.

. Earnings Per Share
 Earnings Per Share are the portion of a company's profit allocate to each outstanding share of common stock. It is derived by dividing net income by the number of outstanding shares of stock.

. Efficiency Ratio
Efficiency Ratio describes how well expense are being managed. For example, an efficiency ratio of 60% means expenses represent $0.60 of every dollar in revenues we earn.

. Fortress Balance Sheet
 To have a Fortress Balance Sheet requires a thorough understanding and management of our assets and liabilities; the use of conservative, appropriate accounting; tight financial controls; strong loan loss reserve; and a commitment to solid credit ratings.

. Liabilities
 Liabilities are obligations of an individual or corporation, such as a debt owed ( like the repayment of a loan ) or something that must be returned (such as our customer deposits, operating expenses, interest we pay to our customers).

. Market Capitalization
Market Capitalization is a measurement of a company's size calculated by multiplying a company's stock price by the number of shares outstanding.

. Net Income
Net Income is the difference between the corporations total revenues( the fees it brings in ) and it's total expense ( salaries, benefits, operating costs and taxes )

. Net Interest Income
Net Interest Income is the gross interest income minus gross expense

. Net Worth
Net Worth is the amount by which a company's or individual's assets exceed their liabilities

. Operating Earnings
 Operating Earnings are the profits after subtracting expense ( such as marketing, cost of goods sold, administration and general operating costs ) from revenues. It is the amount available to spend.

. Organic Growth
 Organic Growth is growth that is generated within the company's existing framework and is derived from the development of new products, opening new locations, and expanding customer bases and relations ( vs. making new acquisitions or purchasing other companies ).

. Proforma
 Proforma is the description of financial statements that include hypothetical conditions.

. Revenue
Revenue is income that flows to a company before deductions are made for any costs or expenses. Includes sales, rents, interest, fees, etc.

. Return on Assets
Return on Assets is a measurement that indicates how efficient a company's assets are being employed. Determined by dividing net profits by average total assets.

. Return on Equity (ROE)
Return on Equity is a measurement that indicates how efficiently a company's equity capital has been put to profitable use. Determined by dividing net income by shareholder's equity.

. Shareholders Equity
Shareholders Equity is a company's total assets minus its total liabilities. Equivalently. it is share capital plus retained earnings minus treasury shares. It is the amount of the company that is financed through common and preferred shares of stock.

. Tier I Capital 
Tier I Capital describes the capital adequacy of a bank ( the safeness and soundness of the bank ). Tier I Capital is core capital and includes equity capital and disclosed reserves.

美国交通罚单解密

以下经验都基于本人在纽约市的经验而谈,如有出入,敬请谅解并另行考证。 在美国纽约生活了十年,开车到现在也差不多有7年的时间了。相信每个人的驾车史,特别是对于刚来美国的新移民,总难免受到交通罚单的困恼。 之前我也有提到过罚单的 博文 ,这次主要是结合自己的实际经验给大家分享...